ADAMS/Flex Release Notes
What's New

Flexible Body Swap

Replacing a rigid part with a flexible part is much easier in the 2005 release because of the Rigid->Flex swap functionality. Rigid-only MNFs are also available. Switching from one flexible body definition to another is also improved through the analogous Flex->Flex swap functionality.

The rigid->flex swapping functionality in ADAMS/View lets you replace a rigid body with a flexible body. You access it by selecting:

Build -> Flexible Bodies -> Rigid to Flex

The process starts by selecting a rigid body to replace and providing an MNF (or flexible body). If an MNF is not available, you will have to generate one using a finite-element package or ADAMS/AutoFlex. Once the MNF has been provided, the Rigid->Flex dialog box provides three easy-to-use positioning techniques to align the flexible body with the rigid body:

  • Align by CM and inertia tensor
  • Three-point method
  • Precision move tools

While positioning the flexible body, you can quickly switch to a two-part view consisting of only the rigid body and new flexible body.

After the flexible body has been positioned, the Rigid->Flex dialog box displays a table of markers and connections that are to be migrated from the rigid body to the flexible body. The closest attachment nodes are automatically detected and the table can be easily sorted. If the proposed attachment node for a marker is not the desired one, you can select a different one, or launch a Node Finder to search for a different node. If the attachment nodes are offset from the marker locations, you have three options:

  • Do nothing. In which case ADAMS/Solver (C++) creates a marker with an offset while the ADAMS/Solver (FORTRAN) will automatically introduce a dummy part and fixed joint pair. You will not be responsible for creating dummy parts.

  • Move the marker to node location.

  • Preserve parametrics. Some markers have their location/orientation described by parametrics. This option preserves those definitions.

After reviewing the table and making any modifications, select OK, and all the markers and connections will be migrated to the flexible body as you requested. The rigid body will be deleted, or optionally kept and deactivated.

In addition to Rigid->Flex swapping, ADAMS/View offers Flex->Flex swapping, which is similar to the Rigid->Flex swapping. It may be accessed with the menu picks:

Build -> Flexible Bodies -> Flex to Flex

For an example of this feature, see Knowledge Base Article 1-KB12258.

Rigid-Only MNF

The 2005 release of MSC.Nastran will have a "Rigid" option, or what you can consider a geometry-only option for MNF generation. This allows you to quickly generate an MNF from the BDF without laboring over connection points, normal modes, or superelements. The MNF simply contains the element discretization and is rapidly generated. A rigid-only MNF like this allows you to build a flexible body in MSC.ADAMS, connect it to a model, and run a "rigidized" flexible body simulation. That is, the flexible body is treated as a rigid body.

The value of this is that during model creation, you can quickly generate an MNF, bring it into MSC.ADAMS and examine where you want the connections to be made and at which nodes. You can even use the Rigid-to-Flex swapping dialog box to incorporate it into your model. Once the attachment nodes have been identified (using the Rigid->Flex swapping tool), you can return to MSC.Nastran and define your ASET degrees-of-freedom and compute an MNF with modes.

The ADAMS/Flex Toolkit also allows you to a convert a flexible MNF to a "Rigid-Only MNF" through the MNF optimizer. Generating an 'Rigid-Only MNF' from an MNF containing modes is probably not something that you would routinely do, but it reduced the size of the MNF, making the file easier to share, and fostering collaboration during the early stages of flexible model development.

For an example of this feature, see Knowledge Base Article 1-KB12413.

Shortened Stress and Strain Modes

Many customers have been looking for ways of reducing the size of their MNF files while improving performance. In ADAMS/Flex 2005, there is the option of keeping a reduced or shortened set of stress and strain modes. This gives you a compact MNF as well as faster hotspots retrieval.

If stress (strain) recovery was requested from the finite element program when generating the MNF, the MNF contains grid point stresses (strains) for every mode. The collection of grid point stresses (strains) for a given mode is referred to as a stress (strain) mode. Typically, stress (strain) values are only requested from the finite element program for a subset of nodes in the MNF.

A new text box, Stress & Strain Modes, has been added to the MSC->MNF Translator panel in the ADAMS/Flex toolkit. This option specifies how the MNF stores stress (strain) modes, particularly for nodes where stress (strain) was not requested from the finite element program. When set to SPARSE, modal stress information is only stored for those nodes that MSC.Nastran had computed stress and stored in the OUTPUT2 file. When set to FULL, the translator behaves as before, storing modal stress information at every node. This results in zero stress for those nodes that were not computed by MSC.Nastran.

It is important to note that stress (strain) modes stored in a sparse format creates an MNF that is not compatible with previous versions of MSC.ADAMS.

When set to Remove zero entries, the resulting MNF will be as equivalent as the Sparse option. This option, however, can be computationally more expensive than Sparse because the null stresses are removed after the fact, instead of up-front.

This text box is also available in the MNF->MNF Optimizer. Here you would use the Remove zero entries option to condense an MNF with zero stress states, down to one with shortened stress and strain modes. The Sparse option allows you to maintain a reduced MNF during MNF optimization. It does not reduce an MNF that is already full. The Full option provides backward compatibility. It allows you to expand a sparse MNF so it can be processed in an earlier version of MSC.ADAMS.

MSC.Nastran 2005 will support the direct generation of a sparse MNF. This capability is not yet available directly from other finite element (FE) programs; you will need to optimize your MNF using the ADAMS/Flex Toolkit. See the online help for ADAMS/Flex for more information.

For an example, see Knowledge Base Article 1-KB12412.

Documentation Improvements

ADAMS/Flex Documentation Improvements

The ADAMS/Flex documentation includes information on swapping rigid and flexible bodies. It also contains an updated tutorial that lets you step through replacing a rigid body for a flexible one. In the online help, select the Examples tab and then Getting Started Using ADAMS/Flex.

Overall Documentation Improvements

For MSC.ADAMS 2005, we've made improvements to the MSC.ADAMS help:

  • Added global search so you can search across the entire set of MSC.ADAMS help. To access the global search, do one of the following:

    • At the top of the help, select Switch Products, and then select the Search tab.

    • In any product, select the Search tab, and then in the window that appears, select Global Search.

    Note that the global search does not include any .pdfs (including getting started guides and ADAMS/Driver).

  • Removed any hardcoding of font sizes so you can scale the text of the help to any size. Please note that many of the equations do not scale because they are images, and the help looks the best when viewed with medium (or 100%). In addition, your browser will print the text the same size as it is displayed.

  • Documented many of the environment variables for the products to help customize your session. The environment variables are for ADAMS/Controls, ADAMS/Durability, ADAMS/Flex, ADAMS/Solver, ADAMS/View, and the template-based products (ADAMS/Aircraft, ADAMS/Car, ADAMS/Driveline, ADAMS/Rail). For more information, see the Running and Configuring help.

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Changes

Flexible Body Automatic Damping (Experimental Feature)

The 2005 release introduces an experimental, step-size based adaptive damping for flexible bodies, which will allow simulations to run more robustly. It is envisioned that this will be useful in durability simulations and other applications where high-frequency modes are not of concern. We are interested in how the new damping model affects performance (CPU time), robustness, and quality of results for your models. Please note that this feature in not intended for production use, and may be removed in a future release without prior notice.

Use:

Set the environment variable for auto_damping and it overrides the traditional flex-body default damping.

variable: MDI_FLEX_BODY_TESTING_OPTIONS
value: auto_damping(gamma, max_increase, cratio_initial) debug

  • gamma=1.0 - Scale factor, useful range is 0 to 1.0
  • max_increase=0.01 - When step size changes, cratio changes by max 1%
  • cratio_initial=0.5 - Initial value of cratio across all modes
  • debug - Only applicable when using ADAMS/Solver (C++)

DOS Shell

set MDI_FLEX_BODY_TESTING_OPTIONS=auto_damping(1.0, 0.01, 1.0) debug

Korn Shell

export MDI_FLEX_BODY_TESTING_OPTIONS="auto_damping(1.0, 0.01, 1.0)"

UNIX

setenv MDI_FLEX_BODY_TESTING_OPTIONS "auto_damping(1.0, 0.01, 1.0)"

When using auto_damping with the F77 Solver the .msg file will contain an informational message listing your damping settings:

Auto-Damping Parameters for Flex Bodies

Gamma = 1.0
Maximum increase per step = 1.0E-02
Starting value for CRATIO = 1.0

When using the ADAMS/Solver (C++) with the debug option, you can see a confirmation that auto_damping is being used by noting this information underneath the .msg file header...

Flexible Body Testing Debug Information
Using auto damping method.
Gamma = 1.000000

Max. increase per step = 1.000000e-02

Starting value for CRATIO = 1.000000e+00

For an example, see Knowledge Base Article 1-KB12259.

License checking of MSC.Nastran ADMOUT=ONLY feature

MSC.Nastran 2004 had introduced a new interface for generating MNFs. This interface allowed the direct creation of MNFs without translating an OUTPUT2 file to an MNF. This ADAMS Interface in MSC.Nastran is a licensed feature, and offers several advanced features. However, to allow time for users to transition to the new interface it was still possible to generate an OUTPUT2 in MSC.Nastran 2004 and later translate it to an MNF without additional licensing. This was accomplished with the following Case Control command:

ADAMSMNF FLEXBODY=YES ADMOUT=ONLY

For MSC.Nastran 2005, the release transition period has ended, so the ADMOUT=ONLY option has been deprecated, and obtaining an MNF from MSC.Nastran will always require the MSC.Nastran/MSC.ADAMS Integration license.

Additional Changes

42795

Flexible bodies have full support of I3 and I4 inertia invariants when using in ADAMS/Solver (C++). Often these invariants are not needed, so a warning message will be issued letting you know when they may be disabled, for example:

FLEX_BODY 2: For all active modes, the relative magnitude of inertia invariant 3 is small. Disabling inertia invariant 3 will improve Solver run time without seriously degrading results.

FLEX_BODY 6: For all active modes, the relative magnitude of inertia invariant 4 is small. Disabling inertia invariant 4 will improve Solver run time without seriously degrading results.

11067

The location and orientation of a flexible body may now be directly desginated from the Create a Flexible Body dialog box.

42564

Messaging has been improved to help you identify the source of the problem when MNF file(s) referenced in a binary file cannot be found when a database is opened. Suggestions are made to use the aview.pth file, as shown in the sample message below:

ERROR: The modal neutral file "C:/usr/adams/a_arm.mnf" referenced by flexible body .model_1.PART_2_flex was not found. Either the file is not in the proper location or the location of the file is not specified in the aview.pth file. First, examine your aview.pth file to see that it has an entry for .mnf files. Next, make sure that the file exists at the path specified in the aview.pth file.

45063

The MNF optimizer now keeps the nodal masses in the MNF file. This is especially advantageous for subsequent usage of the flexible body in ADAMS/Vibration as it will enable the visualization of modal energy distribution. See What's New for ADAMS/Vibration for more information about modal energy distribution.

46020

With the introduction of automatic dummy parts in ADAMS/Solver (FORTRAN), the flex-swap dialog boxes, and flexible body support in ADAMS/Solver (C++), ADAMS/View no longer needs to create dummy parts for various constraints/forces attached to flex bodies. Some undocumented functionality that created those dummy parts has been removed since it is now obsolete.

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Issues Resolved

During the course of 2005 release development, many maintenance and support issues have been resolved. The list below illustrates some of the key issues that are resolved. Contact your local MSC.ADAMS support provider for determining the status of other specific issues.

Items resolved in the 2003 Service Pack

The 2005 release of ADAMS/Flex includes all of the fixes and enhancements that were provided in the 2003 Service Pack. See ADAMS/Flex 2003 Service Pack, APN-130-249. These resolved items are:

19577, 20112

Corrected problem that caused a bogus error condition to be generated when node 1 on a flexible body was specified as the datum node. The message stated that the flexible body did not have a node with id 1, even though it did. You should no longer encounter encounter an error when selecting a datum node with id=1, provided that node 1 exists in the flexible body.

41878

Fixed problem that was causing a crash in the ADAMS/Flex toolkit when optimizing an mnf file with a large number of internal faces.

42338

Models with motion constraints applied to revolute joints would run successfully with the internal ADAMS/Solver (C++) but were failing during input phase with the external ADAMS/Solver (C++). This mistake in the dataset language parser has been corrected.

42513

While optimizing an MNF, the ADAMS/Flex Toolkit would generate a platform-independent MNF when a platform-specific MNF was requested. Although platform-independent MNFs are more portable, they do not allow animation performance enhancements to be realized. This issue has been resolved.

43129

A flexible body fixed to ground with a fixed joint where a static equilibrium is followed by a dynamic simulation would incorrectly show a displacement in the I marker of the joint when plotting. This has been corrected.

Additional items resolved

45842

Corrected problem that was causing mnf2mtx translation to fail when the MSC.ADAMS units for mass was specified as tonnes.

44757

Changed coarsening operation to prevent the occurrence of geometry, which may cause a downstream crash in the animation code.

17070

ADAMS/View info now uses flex-body INVAR data to report global mass properties. Also, if the third- party product that was used to generate the MNF gets a new copy of the MNF toolkit, warning messages are now reported during MNF generation if the global mass properties settings are inconsistent with the INVAR data in the MNF.

44719

Fixed problem that caused .shl files to be written with an incorrect format when using the '-s file.shl' option during mnf2mtx translation.

44757

Changed coarsening operation to prevent the occurence of geometry which may cause a downstream crash in the animation code.

47012

Corrected problem which caused incorrect MFORCE magnitude contours to be displayed in PostProcessor. Please note that only 3 different contour/vector plots may be displayed for a flexible body at any given time.

47722

MSC.Nastran only computes grid point stresses at element vertices. For higher-order elements, the MNF was incorrectly assuming a zero stress (strain) state at mid-side nodes.

47043

Corrected problem in flex-body velocity initial conditions algorithm that manifested itself as differences in results between the FORTRAN and C++ versions of ADAMS/Solver.

46083

In the absence of a VM marker, the ADAMS/Solver (C++) was interpreting VX, VY, VZ arguments on FLEX_BODY with respect to part CM, not LPRF. This issue has been corrected.

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Revised: 09/06/05